No. 19-7October Term 2019Decided Jul 8, 2020Updated May 24, 2026
Seila Law v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
Seila Law LLC v. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau
This case arose when the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau tried to enforce an investigative demand against Seila Law, and Seila Law argued that the CFPB was structured unconstitutionally.
Case status
Decided 7-2 · July 8, 2020 · Opinion by Chief Justice Roberts
Read the opinion (PDF)- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Jul 8, 2020
- What it's about
This case arose when the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau tried to enforce an investigative demand against Seila Law, and Seila Law argued that the CFPB was structured unconstitutionally. The Court considered whether the CFPB’s single-director leadership, insulated from presidential removal except for cause, violated the separation of powers and, if so, whether that removal restriction could be cut out while leaving the rest of the agency intact.
Question presented
1. Whether the vesting of substantial executive authority in the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, an independent agency led by a single director, violates the separation of powers? 2. If the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau is found unconstitutional on the basis of the separation of powers, can 12 U.S.C. § 5491(c)(3) be severed from the Dodd-Frank Act?
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit / Decision released Jul 8, 2020
- Area
Administrative Law
Timing
Decided July 8, 2020
The Court released its decision on July 8, 2020 without hearing oral argument.
Documents
Activity
Docket activity3
Brief added: Questions Presented
May 24, 2026 | Court records
Opinion added: opinion
Jun 29, 2020 | Court records
Brief added: Petition
Jun 28, 2019 | Court records
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Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary-source trail available.
- Note
- Plain-English explainer. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Jul 25, 2026
- Method
- Methodology