No. 25-406October Term 2025Decided Jun 4, 2026
Federal Communications Commission, et al., Petitioners v. AT&T, Inc.
The Court has now answered an important constitutional challenge to the FCC's forfeiture process, and that answer will shape future FCC penalty cases.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Jun 4, 2026
- What it's about
from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit.
Question presented
Are provisions of the Communications Act of 1934 that govern the Federal Communications Commission’s assessment and enforcement of monetary forfeitures consistent with the Seventh Amendment and Article III?
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit / Decision released Jun 4, 2026
- Area
Administrative Law
Briefing
What it's about
The Supreme Court released a decision in a dispute over whether the Communications Act's system for FCC monetary forfeitures fits the Seventh Amendment and Article III. The case arose from FCC enforcement tied to AT&T's treatment of customer location data.
Impact
The case affects how the FCC can seek money penalties against regulated companies. For example, telecom companies handling sensitive customer data could face different enforcement procedures depending on how the Court's opinion is applied.
What's next
Lower courts, the FCC, and regulated companies will now apply the Supreme Court's opinion in future forfeiture matters. Agencies and affected businesses will likely review enforcement strategies and compliance plans in light of the decision.
What was the core dispute in FCC v. AT&T?
The case asked whether the Communications Act's FCC forfeiture system is consistent with the Seventh Amendment and Article III. It stemmed from AT&T's treatment of customer location data.
What are the real-world consequences of this case?
The decision affects how the FCC can pursue monetary penalties against telecom companies. That matters for businesses handling customer data and for the agency's enforcement process.
What happens next after the Supreme Court's decision?
Lower courts and the FCC must now follow the Supreme Court's opinion in future cases. Regulated companies will adjust compliance and litigation plans based on that ruling.
Decision
What the Court decided
The Court has now answered an important constitutional challenge to the FCC's forfeiture process, and that answer will shape future FCC penalty cases.
Impact
Wireless companies and their customers are affected, especially in disputes over location data privacy. For example, the FCC may issue a forfeiture order (a penalty decision) against a carrier without a jury. If the company refuses to pay, the government must sue separately, where a jury gets the final word. Next, the FCC can keep using this process when investigating suspected communications-law violations. Companies may still choose between appeals review and a trial de novo (a fresh trial).
Not official Court text.
Vote
- Vote split
- 8-1
- Majority author
- John G. Roberts, Jr.
Other opinions
Dissenting
- Clarence Thomas(author)
Opinion documents
Related cases




Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary materials plus reporting.
- Note
- Best-effort analysis: this explainer relies on a mix of primary materials and trusted secondary sources. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Jul 2, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials10
Supreme Court docket 25-406
docket | Jul 5, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Jul 5, 2026
Opinion of the Court - R
opinion | Jun 4, 2026
Oral Arguments - AT&T
audio | Apr 21, 2026
Questions Presented
brief | Mar 8, 2026
Petition
brief | Oct 2, 2025
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026