No. 18-1059October Term 2019Decided May 7, 2020
Kelly v. United States
Deceitful political retaliation, by itself, was not enough here for federal property-fraud charges.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released May 7, 2020
- What it's about
This case arose from the New Jersey “Bridgegate” scandal, in which state officials changed traffic lanes on the George Washington Bridge to punish the mayor of Fort Lee for refusing to endorse Governor Christie. The Supreme Court held that, although the scheme was abusive and deceptive, it did not violate the federal wire fraud or federal-program fraud laws because it was not aimed at taking the Port Authority’s money or property.
Question presented
Does a public official "defraud" the government of its property by advancing a "public policy reason" for an official decision that is not her subjective "real reason" for making the decision?
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit / Decision released May 7, 2020
- Area
Decided Supreme Court case
Briefing
What it's about
This case came from the New Jersey "Bridgegate" scandal, where officials changed traffic lanes on the George Washington Bridge while giving a false public-policy explanation. On May 7, 2020, the Supreme Court said the scheme did not violate federal wire fraud or federal-program fraud laws because it was not aimed at taking the Port Authority's money or property.
Vote
The Court decided on May 7, 2020, that the lane-change scheme did not violate federal wire fraud or federal-program fraud laws, but the prompt does not provide the vote or opinion lineup.
Impact
The decision limits how far federal fraud laws reach when public officials abuse power for political payback. For example, prosecutors cannot use these property-fraud laws just because officials lied about why they made a policy choice.
What's next
The Supreme Court has finished this docket action. Its decision now governs this case and will guide how similar federal fraud charges are evaluated.
What was the main legal fight in Kelly v. United States?
The Court had to decide whether officials committed federal property fraud by lying about why they changed bridge lanes. It said no, because the scheme was not aimed at taking money or property.
What are the real-world consequences of this decision?
It narrows prosecutors' use of federal fraud laws when officials lie about policy decisions. A deceptive abuse of power alone is not enough without a money-or-property target.
What happens next now that the Supreme Court has decided the case?
The Court has finished this docket action. Its decision will control this case and guide similar disputes over federal fraud laws.
Decision
What the Court decided
Deceitful political retaliation, by itself, was not enough here for federal property-fraud charges.
Impact
The decision limits how far federal fraud laws reach when public officials abuse power for political payback. For example, prosecutors cannot use these property-fraud laws just because officials lied about why they made a policy choice.
Not official Court text.
Opinion documents
Related cases




Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary materials plus reporting.
- Note
- Best-effort analysis: this explainer relies on a mix of primary materials and trusted secondary sources. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Jul 2, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials10
Supreme Court docket 18-1059
docket | Jul 3, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Jul 3, 2026
CourtListener docket record
docket | Jul 3, 2026
Questions Presented
brief | May 24, 2026
opinion
opinion | May 7, 2020
Petition
brief | Feb 12, 2019
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026