Michael Bowe, Petitioner v. United States
The Court vacated and remanded a case involving federal sentencing guidelines.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Jan 9, 2026
- What it's about
The Court vacated and remanded a case involving federal sentencing guidelines. The 5-4 decision, authored by Justice Sotomayor, addressed how courts should calculate criminal history scores under the federal sentencing framework.
Question presented
1. Does a rule requiring dismissal of repeat claims in state prisoner habeas petitions also apply to repeat claims in federal prisoner motions to vacate their sentences? 2. Does the Court have jurisdiction to review lower court decisions allowing or denying federal prisoners permission to file repeat challenges to their sentences?
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit / Decision released Jan 9, 2026
- Area
Criminal Procedure
Decision
What the Court decided
This case asked whether federal prisoners face the same repeat-claim limits as state prisoners. The Court held that two AEDPA limits did not apply to federal prisoners’ Section 2255 motions to vacate (set aside) sentences. It vacated the Eleventh Circuit’s decision and sent the case back.
- Result
- Vacated
Impact
This affects federal prisoners seeking repeat motions to vacate (cancel) their sentences. The Court said earlier-claim dismissal rules for state prisoners do not automatically govern them. For example, Bowe can keep pursuing review of his 10-year consecutive firearm sentence. Next, more federal prisoners may ask for certiorari (Supreme Court review) after appeals-court authorization decisions. But they still must
Not official Court text.
Vote
- Vote split
- 5-4
- Majority author
- Sonia Sotomayor
Other opinions
Concurring
- Ketanji Brown Jackson(author)
Dissenting
Opinion documents
Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary materials plus reporting.
- Note
- Best-effort analysis: this explainer relies on a mix of primary materials and trusted secondary sources. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Jun 1, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials11
Supreme Court docket 24-5438
docket | Jun 8, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Jun 8, 2026
Questions Presented
brief
opinion
opinion | Jan 9, 2026
Opinion of the Court - SS
opinion | Jan 9, 2026
Oral Arguments - Bowe
audio | Oct 14, 2025
Petition
brief | Aug 29, 2024
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jun 1, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jun 1, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jun 1, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jun 1, 2026



