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Docket 24-5438October Term 2025 (2025–2026)

Michael Bowe, Petitioner v. United States

The Court vacated and remanded a case involving federal sentencing guidelines.

Case status

Current stage
Decided
Latest event
Decision released Jan 9, 2026
Case AcceptedJan 17, 2025
Arguments HeardOct 14, 2025
Decision ReleasedJan 9, 2026
What it's about

The Court vacated and remanded a case involving federal sentencing guidelines. The 5-4 decision, authored by Justice Sotomayor, addressed how courts should calculate criminal history scores under the federal sentencing framework.

Question presented

1. Does a rule requiring dismissal of repeat claims in state prisoner habeas petitions also apply to repeat claims in federal prisoner motions to vacate their sentences? 2. Does the Court have jurisdiction to review lower court decisions allowing or denying federal prisoners permission to file repeat challenges to their sentences?

Case path

United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit / Decision released Jan 9, 2026

Area

Criminal Procedure

Decision

Decision record

What the Court decided

This case asked whether federal prisoners face the same repeat-claim limits as state prisoners. The Court held that two AEDPA limits did not apply to federal prisoners’ Section 2255 motions to vacate (set aside) sentences. It vacated the Eleventh Circuit’s decision and sent the case back.

Result
Vacated

Impact

This affects federal prisoners seeking repeat motions to vacate (cancel) their sentences. The Court said earlier-claim dismissal rules for state prisoners do not automatically govern them. For example, Bowe can keep pursuing review of his 10-year consecutive firearm sentence. Next, more federal prisoners may ask for certiorari (Supreme Court review) after appeals-court authorization decisions. But they still must

Not official Court text.