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Permits for greenhouse gas emissions

Utility Air Regulatory Group v. Environmental Protection Agency

Updated Oct 18, 2026

In brief

The Supreme Court left part of the appeals court’s ruling in place and overturned another part.

Where it stands
Decided

Decided 5-4 · June 23, 2014 · Opinion by Justice Scalia

What it’s about
Utility Air Regulatory Group challenged the EPA’s use of Clean Air Act rules to require greenhouse-gas permits for stationary sources after the agency regulated greenhouse gases from new vehicles.
Who it affects
The ruling affects the dispute over EPA greenhouse-gas permit rules for stationary sources, but the stated action does not identify which specific permit duties remain.

Summary: written with AI from the case record.

Illustration for Utility Air Regulatory Group v. Environmental Protection Agency
Conceptual illustration · AI-generated

What it's about

The Supreme Court partly agreed with and partly overturned the appeals court’s judgment.

The dispute followed EPA’s regulation of greenhouse-gas emissions from new vehicles and its use of Clean Air Act permit rules for stationary sources.

Question presented

Did the EPA permissibly determine that its regulation of greenhouse gas emissions from new motor vehicles under the Clean Air Act also triggered permit requirements for stationary sources of greenhouse gas emissions?

What the Court decided

Holding

The judgment is affirmed in part and reversed in part. 684 F. 3d 102, affirmed in part and reversed in part.

The vote

  • Joined the judgment
  • Dissented
  • Wrote an opinion
Majority · 5joined the Court's opinion
  1. Thomas
  2. Scaliawrote the opinion
  3. Kennedy
  4. Roberts
  5. Alitoalso wrote separately
Dissenting · 4disagreed with the result
  1. Breyerwrote the dissent
  2. Kagan
  3. Ginsburg
  4. Sotomayor
5 justices joined the judgment, 4 dissented.

From the opinions

“And in order to make those provisions apply to greenhouse gases in a way that does not produce absurd results, the EPA effectively amended the Act.”

— Justice Alito(dissent)

What's next

The decision is in place, but the stated action does not identify further proceedings for the appeals court or specific follow-up steps for EPA or affected stationary sources.

Documents

1

Docket activity

10
  • New analysis added

    Oct 18, 2026 · Court records

  • AI analysis generated: Case Briefing

    Oct 18, 2026 · Generated

  • New analysis added

    Oct 18, 2026 · Court records

  • AI analysis generated: Impact Analysis

    Oct 18, 2026 · Generated

  • AI analysis generated: Opinion Summary

    Oct 18, 2026 · Generated

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  • New analysis added

    Oct 18, 2026 · Court records

  • AI analysis generated: Decision Record

    Oct 18, 2026 · Generated

  • Case data updated: summary, question_presented, generation_metadata

    Oct 18, 2026 · Court records

  • Case data updated: question_presented, extraction_metadata

    Oct 17, 2026 · Court records

  • Opinion added: Utility Air

    Jun 23, 2014 · Court records

Sources

Primary materials plus reporting. Best-effort analysis: this explainer relies on a mix of primary materials and trusted secondary sources. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.

Checked Oct 18, 2026Methodology

Court records and filings

Reporting and analysis