No. 20-197October Term 2020Decided Apr 5, 2021
Biden v. Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia Uni v.
The core question is when a public official's personal account stops being purely personal and starts carrying constitutional limits.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Apr 5, 2021
- What it's about
This case concerned whether President Trump violated the First Amendment by blocking critics from his personal Twitter account after using that account to communicate official government business. The Supreme Court granted review but then vacated the lower court’s decision and sent the case back with instructions to dismiss it as moot after the change in administration and the loss of Trump’s Twitter account.
Question presented
Whether the First Amendment deprives a government official of his right to control his personal Twitter account by blocking third-party accounts if he uses that personal account in part to announce official actions and policies.
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit / Decision released Apr 5, 2021
- Area
First Amendment
Briefing
What it's about
This case asks whether a government official can block other users from a personal Twitter account after using that account to announce official actions and policies. The dispute grew out of former President Trump's use of his personal account to communicate government business while blocking critics.
Vote
The case has not been scheduled for oral argument. The key fight is whether using a personal account for some official announcements turns blocking critics into government action barred by the First Amendment.
Impact
The answer could shape how public officials use personal social media accounts for public business. For example, it could affect whether a governor, mayor, or school board member may block critics after posting official updates there.
What's next
The next milestone would be oral argument or another scheduling move from the Court. No decision window is available yet.
What is the core dispute in Biden v. Knight First Amendment Institute at Columbia University?
The case asks whether officials may block users from a personal Twitter account used partly for official announcements. It focuses on when that account becomes subject to First Amendment limits.
Why could this case matter beyond one president's Twitter account?
It could affect many officials who use personal accounts to share public business. Citizens, journalists, and advocacy groups could gain or lose access to those online discussions.
What should readers watch for next in this case?
Watch for oral argument to be scheduled or for another Court order. The prompt gives no clear decision timeline yet.
Decision
What the Court decided
The core question is when a public official's personal account stops being purely personal and starts carrying constitutional limits.
- Result
- Vacated
Impact
The answer could shape how public officials use personal social media accounts for public business. For example, it could affect whether a governor, mayor, or school board member may block critics after posting official updates there.
Not official Court text.
Opinion documents
Timing
Decided April 5, 2021
The Court released its decision on April 5, 2021 without hearing oral argument.
Documents
Related cases




Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary materials plus reporting.
- Note
- Best-effort analysis: this explainer relies on a mix of primary materials and trusted secondary sources. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Jul 2, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials8
Supreme Court docket 20-197
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Jul 25, 2026
CourtListener docket record
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Opinion
opinion | Apr 5, 2021
Petition
brief | Aug 20, 2020
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026