No. 19-309October Term 2019Decided Dec 10, 2020
Carney v. Adams
Before the Court can reach the free-speech issue, it may first decide whether this lawyer is in a position to bring the case at all.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Dec 10, 2020
- What it's about
This case involved Delaware’s constitutional rules requiring partisan balance on its major courts, which an independent lawyer challenged as excluding him from judicial service unless he joined a major political party. The Supreme Court held that he lacked Article III standing because he had not shown he was actually able and ready to apply for a judgeship in the near future.
Question presented
1. WHETHER RESPONDENT HAS DEMONSTRATED ARTICLE III STANDING. 2. Does the First Amendment invalidate a longstanding state constitutional provision that limits judges affiliated with any one political party to no more than a "bare majority" on the State's three highest courts, with the other seats reserved for judges affiliated with the "other major political party''? 3. Did the Third Circuit err in holding that a provision of the Delaware Constitution requiring that no more than a "bare majority" of three of the state courts may be made up of judges affiliated with any one political party is not severable from a provision that judges who are not members of the majority party on those courts must be members of the other "major political party," when the former requirement existed for more than fifty years without the latter, and the former requirement, without the latter, continues to govern appointments to two other courts?
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit / Decision released Dec 10, 2020
- Area
First Amendment
Briefing
What it's about
The case asks whether a Delaware lawyer had standing (a legal right to sue) to challenge the state's rules requiring political balance on its top courts. It also raises a First Amendment question about whether Delaware can reserve some judgeships for members of the two major parties, which the lawyer says shuts out independents like him.
Vote
No argument has been scheduled yet, so there is no vote to report. The key issues are whether the challenger can sue at all and whether Delaware's party-balance rules violate the First Amendment.
Impact
This fight affects who can be considered for judgeships in Delaware's major courts. For example, an independent lawyer who wants to become a judge says the state constitution blocks him unless he joins a major party.
What's next
The next milestone is oral argument or another scheduling move from the Court. No decision window is available yet.
What is the main dispute in Carney v. Adams?
The case asks whether an independent Delaware lawyer can challenge rules that reserve some top judgeships for members of the two major parties. It also asks whether he has standing to sue.
Why could this case matter outside the courtroom?
It could affect who is eligible for Delaware judgeships and whether independents are effectively excluded. That matters for lawyers seeking judgeships and for how states structure politically balanced courts.
What should readers watch for next in this case?
Watch for the Court to schedule oral argument or take another procedural step. That will show whether the justices are ready to dig into standing and the First Amendment questions.
Decision
What the Court decided
Before the Court can reach the free-speech issue, it may first decide whether this lawyer is in a position to bring the case at all.
Impact
This fight affects who can be considered for judgeships in Delaware's major courts. For example, an independent lawyer who wants to become a judge says the state constitution blocks him unless he joins a major party.
Not official Court text.
Opinion documents
Timing
Decided December 10, 2020
The Court released its decision on December 10, 2020 without hearing oral argument.
Related cases




Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary materials plus reporting.
- Note
- Best-effort analysis: this explainer relies on a mix of primary materials and trusted secondary sources. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Jul 2, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials10
Supreme Court docket 19-309
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Jul 25, 2026
CourtListener docket record
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Questions Presented
brief | May 24, 2026
opinion
opinion | Dec 10, 2020
Petition
brief | Sep 4, 2019
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026