No. 19-416October Term 2019Decided Jun 17, 2021
Nestlé USA, Inc. v. Doe
The key question is whether U.S. courts can hear claims that American companies helped enable child slavery abroad through general business activity at home.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Jun 17, 2021
- What it's about
Former child slaves from Mali sued Nestlé USA and Cargill under the Alien Tort Statute, alleging the companies helped cocoa farms in Ivory Coast use child slavery by providing money, training, and other support. The case asked whether those claims could be heard in U.S. courts when the alleged injuries happened overseas and the companies’ U.S. conduct was mainly general corporate decisionmaking.
Question presented
1. Whether an aiding and abetting claim against a domestic corporation brought under the Alien Tort Statute, 28 U.S.C. § 1350, may overcome the extraterritoriality bar where the claim is based on allegations of general corporate activity in the United States and where plaintiffs cannot trace the alleged harms, which occurred abroad at the hands of unidentified foreign actors, to that activity. 2. Whether the Judiciary has the authority under the Alien Tort Statute to impose liability on domestic corporations.
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit / Decision released Jun 17, 2021
- Area
Decided Supreme Court case
Briefing
What it's about
Former child slaves from Mali sued Nestlé USA and Cargill under the Alien Tort Statute, a federal law that lets foreign plaintiffs bring some claims in U.S. courts. They say the companies supported Ivory Coast cocoa farms that used child slavery, while the companies argue the alleged harms happened overseas and cannot be tied closely enough to U.S. conduct.
Vote
The case is still pending, and no oral argument is scheduled yet. The companies say general corporate decisionmaking in the United States is not enough to overcome limits on overseas claims, while the plaintiffs say domestic corporations can still face these suits.
Impact
The case could shape when U.S. companies can be sued in American courts for alleged human rights abuses linked to overseas supply chains. That matters for multinational businesses, foreign workers, and consumers concerned about how products like chocolate are sourced.
What's next
Watch for the Supreme Court to schedule oral argument or take another procedural step. No decision window is available yet.
What is the main legal fight in Nestlé USA, Inc. v. Doe?
The Court is being asked whether these overseas abuse claims can proceed in U.S. courts based on general corporate activity in the United States. It is also considering whether domestic corporations can be sued under the Alien Tort Statute.
Why could this case matter beyond Nestlé and Cargill?
It could affect lawsuits over alleged labor abuses in global supply chains. Companies that buy goods abroad, and workers harmed overseas, could both feel the impact.
What should readers watch for next in this case?
The next big step is whether the Court schedules oral argument. Until then, there is no clear timeline for when the justices might act.
Decision
What the Court decided
The key question is whether U.S. courts can hear claims that American companies helped enable child slavery abroad through general business activity at home.
Impact
The case could shape when U.S. companies can be sued in American courts for alleged human rights abuses linked to overseas supply chains. That matters for multinational businesses, foreign workers, and consumers concerned about how products like chocolate are sourced.
Not official Court text.
Opinion documents
Timing
Decided June 17, 2021
The Court released its decision on June 17, 2021 without hearing oral argument.
Related cases




Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary materials plus reporting.
- Note
- Best-effort analysis: this explainer relies on a mix of primary materials and trusted secondary sources. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Jul 2, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials10
Supreme Court docket 19-416
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Jul 25, 2026
CourtListener docket record
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Questions Presented
brief | May 2, 2026
opinion
opinion | Jun 17, 2021
Petition
brief | Sep 25, 2019
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026