No. 21-404October Term 2021Decided Jun 21, 2022
United States v. Washington
The justices are being asked whether Washington lawfully protected Hanford workers or unlawfully targeted federal work for special treatment.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Jun 21, 2022
- What it's about
The case concerned a Washington workers’ compensation law that gave special benefits only to certain workers at the federally owned Hanford nuclear cleanup site, most of whom worked for federal contractors. The United States argued that the law unlawfully singled out the federal government for different treatment and was therefore barred by the Supremacy Clause’s rule of intergovernmental immunity.
Question presented
Whether a state workers' compensation law that applies exclusively to federal contract workers who perform services at a specified federal facility is barred by principles of intergovernmental immunity, or is instead authorized by 40 U.S.C. 3172(a), which permits the application of state workers' compensation laws to federal facilities "in the same way and to the same extent as if the premises were under the exclusive jurisdiction of the State."?
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit / Decision released Jun 21, 2022
- Area
Business and Regulation
Briefing
What it's about
The Supreme Court is reviewing whether Washington could give special workers' compensation benefits only to certain workers at the federally owned Hanford nuclear cleanup site, most of whom worked for federal contractors. The United States says the law improperly singles out the federal government, while Washington says federal law allows state workers' compensation rules to apply at federal facilities.
Vote
The case has not been scheduled for oral argument yet. The United States argues that Washington's law discriminates against the federal government, while Washington argues that 40 U.S.C. 3172(a) lets state workers' compensation law apply at federal facilities.
Impact
The case could affect what benefits Hanford workers receive after job-related illness or injury. It could also shape how far states can go when they write rules that apply at federal sites and to federal contract workers.
What's next
Watch for the Court to schedule oral argument or make another procedural move. No decision window is available yet.
What is the core dispute in United States v. Washington?
The fight is over a Washington law that gives special workers' compensation benefits only to certain workers at the Hanford federal site. The United States says that unlawfully singles out federal work.
What real-world consequences could this case have?
It could affect the benefits available to Hanford cleanup workers after work-related illness or injury. The Court's answer could also matter at other federal facilities.
What is the next procedural step to watch?
The next big step is whether the Supreme Court schedules oral argument. Until then, there is no set timetable for a final decision.
Decision
What the Court decided
The justices are being asked whether Washington lawfully protected Hanford workers or unlawfully targeted federal work for special treatment.
Impact
The case could affect what benefits Hanford workers receive after job-related illness or injury. It could also shape how far states can go when they write rules that apply at federal sites and to federal contract workers.
Not official Court text.
Opinion documents
Timing
Decided June 21, 2022
The Court released its decision on June 21, 2022 without hearing oral argument.
Related cases




Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary materials plus reporting.
- Note
- Best-effort analysis: this explainer relies on a mix of primary materials and trusted secondary sources. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Jul 2, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials10
Supreme Court docket 21-404
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Jul 25, 2026
CourtListener docket record
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Questions Presented
brief | May 24, 2026
opinion
opinion | Jun 21, 2022
Petition
brief | Sep 8, 2021
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 2, 2026