No. 19-199October Term 2019Decided Feb 3, 2021
Salinas v. Railroad Retirement Bd.
For now, the key question is whether the Board gets the last word when it declines to reopen a benefits case.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Feb 3, 2021
- What it's about
This case asked whether a federal court can review the Railroad Retirement Board’s refusal to reopen an earlier denial of disability benefits. Manfredo Salinas argued that the Board’s refusal to revisit his prior benefits application was a final agency decision that courts are allowed to review.
Question presented
Whether, under section 5(f) of the Railroad Unemployment Insurance Act, 45 U.S.C. § 355(f), and section 8 of the Railroad Retirement Act, 45 U.S.C. § 231g, the Railroad Retirement Board's denial of a request to reopen a prior benefits determination is a "final decision" subject to judicial review.
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit / Decision released Feb 3, 2021
- Area
Administrative Law
Briefing
What it's about
The case asks whether a federal court can review the Railroad Retirement Board's refusal to reopen an earlier benefits denial. Manfredo Salinas says that refusal was a final agency decision, so judges should be able to examine it.
Vote
The case is still pending, and no oral argument has been scheduled. Salinas argues that the Board's refusal to reopen his prior benefits application should count as a final decision that a federal court can review.
Impact
The answer could affect railroad workers and families seeking disability or retirement benefits after an initial denial. If courts cannot review reopen requests, people may have little recourse when the Board declines to revisit an old case.
What's next
Watch for the Court to schedule oral argument or take another step on its calendar. No decision window is available yet.
What is the main fight in Salinas v. Railroad Retirement Board?
The Court is being asked whether a federal court may review the Board's refusal to reopen an earlier benefits denial. Salinas says that refusal is final enough for court review.
Who could feel the effects of this case?
Railroad workers seeking disability or retirement benefits could be affected after an initial denial. The case could determine whether they can ask judges to review a reopen refusal.
What should court watchers look for next?
The next milestone is scheduling oral argument or another action from the Court. No decision timeline is available yet.
Decision
What the Court decided
For now, the key question is whether the Board gets the last word when it declines to reopen a benefits case.
Impact
The answer could affect railroad workers and families seeking disability or retirement benefits after an initial denial. If courts cannot review reopen requests, people may have little recourse when the Board declines to revisit an old case.
Not official Court text.
Opinion documents
Timing
Decided February 3, 2021
The Court released its decision on February 3, 2021 without hearing oral argument.
Related cases




Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary materials plus reporting.
- Note
- Best-effort analysis: this explainer relies on a mix of primary materials and trusted secondary sources. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Jul 3, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials10
Supreme Court docket 19-199
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Jul 25, 2026
CourtListener docket record
docket | Jul 25, 2026
Questions Presented
brief | May 24, 2026
opinion
opinion | Feb 3, 2021
Petition
brief | Aug 15, 2019
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 3, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 3, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 3, 2026
SupremeCourt.gov
official | Jul 3, 2026