Roark v. New York

1. Whether the trial court's failure to instruct the jury on the "knowledge" element of the crime of failing to register as a sex offender, in violation of the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, constitutes a "structural error" that requires automatic reversal of the conviction? 2. Whether the New York Court of Appeals' application of its "preservation" rule to bar review of a clear constitutional error violates the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment?