West Virginia v. B. P. J., By Her Next Friend and Mother, Heather Jackson

The Supreme Court ruled that Title IX allows schools to limit girls' and women's sports teams to students classified as female based on biological sex. It also ruled that West Virginia's policy did not violate the Equal Protection Clause, reversing the Fourth Circuit.

Justice Kavanaugh wrote the 6–3 opinion, joined by Chief Justice Roberts and Justices Alito and Barrett; Justices Thomas and Gorsuch concurred; Justices Sotomayor, Kagan, and Jackson dissented.

The Court ruled 6-3 for West Virginia and Idaho. Justice Brett M. Kavanaugh wrote the Court's opinion, joined by Chief Justice John G. Roberts, Jr., and Justices Samuel A. Alito, Jr., and Amy Coney Barrett; Justices Clarence Thomas and Neil Gorsuch wrote concurrences. Justice Sonia Sotomayor wrote a dissent joined by Justices Elena Kagan and Ketanji Brown Jackson, who also wrote separately.

Majority

Kavanaugh

Roberts

Thomas

Alito

Gorsuch

Barrett

Dissent

Sotomayor

Kagan

Jackson

“Title IX allows schools to provide separate women’s and men’s sports teams defined by biological sex”

“In the five years since the ban has been in place, B. P. J. is the only transgender girl publicly identified in the State who has sought to play sports with other girls.”

States and schools may maintain separate girls' and boys' teams based on biological sex. For example, a school may limit a girls' team to students classified female at birth under this decision.

The cases return to the lower courts for further proceedings consistent with the Supreme Court's decision. States, schools, and agencies must apply the decision when administering sex-separated school sports teams.

The Court ruled that Title IX permits separate sports teams based on biological sex. It also found West Virginia's policy constitutional.

West Virginia and Idaho won. The Court reversed the Fourth Circuit and the related lower-court judgment.

Schools may maintain girls' and women's teams for students classified female based on biological sex. The decision applies under Title IX and the Equal Protection Clause.

Yes. The Court said Title IX allows separate women's and men's teams defined by biological sex.

The cases return to the lower courts. They must take further action consistent with the Supreme Court's decision.