No. 23-365October Term 2024Decided Apr 2, 2025
Medical Marijuana, Inc., et al., Petitioners v. Douglas J. Horn
The Supreme Court held that a plaintiff can sue for triple damages under the civil Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) for economic losses to their business or property, even if those financial losses were caused by a personal injury.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Apr 2, 2025
- What it's about
The Supreme Court held that a plaintiff can sue for triple damages under the civil Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) for economic losses to their business or property, even if those financial losses were caused by a personal injury. The decision arose from a case where a truck driver lost his job after failing a drug test due to a CBD product that falsely claimed to contain no THC.
Question presented
Are economic harms resulting from personal injuries properly considered injuries to “business or property by reason of” the defendant’s acts for purposes of a civil treble-damages action under the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act?
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit / Decision released Apr 2, 2025
- Area
Decided Supreme Court case
Documents
Related cases




Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary-source trail available.
- Note
- Plain-English explainer. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Mar 30, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials8
Supreme Court docket 23-365
docket | Mar 30, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Mar 30, 2026
CourtListener docket record
docket | Mar 30, 2026
Questions Presented
brief | Mar 8, 2026
opinion
opinion | Apr 2, 2025
Horn
opinion | Apr 2, 2025
Oral Arguments - Horn
audio | Oct 15, 2024
Petition
brief | Oct 3, 2023