Warner-Jenkinson Co. v. Hilton Davis Chemical Co.

```json { "summary": "The Supreme Court affirmed the validity of the \"doctrine of equivalents\" in patent law, which protects patent holders from copycats who make minor changes to an invention to avoid literal infringement, but clarified that the doctrine must be applied to each individual element of a patent claim rather than the invention as a whole.", "questionPresented": "Whether the doctrine of equivalents, which allows a finding of patent infringement even when an accused product does not literally infringe every element of a patent claim, survived the 1952 revision of the Patent Act and how it should be applied." } ```