No. 23-1141October Term 2024Decided Jun 5, 2025
Smith & Wesson Brands, Inc., et al., Petitioners v. Estados Unidos Mexicanos
The Supreme Court held that the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (PLCAA) bars Mexico's lawsuit against U.S. gun manufacturers for facilitating cartel violence.
Case status
- Current stage
- Decided
- Latest event
- Decision released Jun 5, 2025
- What it's about
The Supreme Court held that the Protection of Lawful Commerce in Arms Act (PLCAA) bars Mexico's lawsuit against U.S. gun manufacturers for facilitating cartel violence. The Court ruled that Mexico failed to plausibly allege that the manufacturers intentionally aided and abetted illegal gun trafficking, a necessary requirement to bypass the Act's liability protections.
Question presented
Can U.S. gun manufacturers be held liable for violence in Mexico under theories of proximate causation and aiding and abetting, based on their domestic production and sale of firearms that are later trafficked to Mexican cartels?
- Case path
United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit / Decision released Jun 5, 2025
- Area
Gun Rights
Related cases




Grounding
- Grounding
- Primary-source trail available.
- Note
- Plain-English explainer. Official filings and opinions remain authoritative.
- Checked
- Mar 30, 2026
- Method
- Methodology
Primary materials8
Supreme Court docket 23-1141
docket | Mar 30, 2026
Primary case document
Supreme Court document | Mar 30, 2026
CourtListener docket record
docket | Mar 30, 2026
Questions Presented
brief | Mar 8, 2026
opinion
opinion | Jun 5, 2025
Opinion
opinion | Jun 5, 2025
Oral Arguments - Smith & Wesson Brands v. Estados Unidos Mexicanos
audio | Mar 4, 2025
Petition
brief | Apr 18, 2024